Optometry in Massachusetts

100 providers, $2,798 in total reported payments from drug and device makers. Ranked below by lifetime general payments. The median provider in this group received $0.

Ranking high here usually means a consulting or royalty arrangement, not wrongdoing. Payments to device inventors and trial investigators are legal, disclosed, and concentrated in a small number of people — which is exactly why a list like this has a steep top and a long flat tail.