Kofi Nuako, MD
Gastroenterology · Union City, TNNPI 1104813153
Payments from drug & device makers
What this record shows
This record is dominated by food and beverage: $5,205 of the $8,596 with a category attached, or 60.5%. It is spread thinly across 37 manufacturers, the largest accounting for just 18.2%. Reporting peaked in 2022 at $2,210 and has fallen 66.3% since, to $744 in 2025.
Across 283 payments — averaging $30.37 each. Meals, travel, consulting and speaking fees, gifts and royalties reported by drug and device makers.
- Ardelyx, Inc.$2K
- Echosens North America, Inc.$1K
- Enterra Medical, Inc.$1K
- Johnson & Johnson$964
- Gilead$741
- Salix Pharmaceuticals, A Division Of Bausch Health US, LLC$565
- plus $3K from 31 others
Across 121 payments — averaging $6152.46 each. Payments tied to a research study. These frequently flow through the physician to a hospital or research institution rather than to the physician personally.
- Genentech, Inc.$537K
- Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, Inc$86K
- Bausch Health US, LLC$56K
- Bristol Myers Squibb$25K
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc.$15K
- Dova Pharmaceuticals$12K
- plus $13K from 4 others
What the payments were for
- Consulting fees$1,50017%
- Grants$290%
- Travel & lodging$1,85122%
- Food & beverage$5,20561%
- Education$120%
Most of this is food and beverage — typically meals provided during product presentations at a clinic or hospital. Nationally that is the single largest category of reported payments by count.
General payments by program year
Who reported the general payments
Companies are grouped under their corporate parent — a single manufacturer often files under several CMS reporting entities. Research and ownership payments are counted separately and are not in this table.
| Company | Payments | Total |
|---|---|---|
| Ardelyx, Inc. | 5 | $1,564 |
| Echosens North America, Inc. | 2 | $1,173 |
| Enterra Medical, Inc. | 3 | $1,081 |
| Johnson & Johnson | 51 | $964 |
| Gilead | 36 | $741 |
| Salix Pharmaceuticals, A Division Of Bausch Health US, LLC | 29 | $565 |
| AbbVie(2 entities) | 26 | $341 |
| Merck | 16 | $257 |
| Nestle Healthcare Nutrition Inc. | 11 | $216 |
| Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, Inc | 12 | $190 |
| Redhill Biopharma Inc. | 24 | $186 |
| Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc. | 10 | $149 |
| Pfizer | 8 | $145 |
| Alnylam Pharmaceuticals Inc. | 5 | $113 |
| Boston Scientific | 3 | $113 |
| Medtronic | 4 | $102 |
| Novo Nordisk | 5 | $99 |
| Axonics, Inc. | 4 | $75 |
| Madrigal Pharmaceuticals | 3 | $71 |
| Daiichi Sankyo Inc. | 3 | $66 |
| Intercept Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | 3 | $54 |
| Lilly USA, LLC | 2 | $35 |
| Bristol Myers Squibb | 2 | $34 |
| Cook Medical LLC | 1 | $29 |
| Regeneron Healthcare Solutions, Inc. | 1 | $28 |
| Braintree Laboratories, Inc. | 1 | $23 |
| Sanofi | 1 | $21 |
| Amgen | 1 | $19 |
| QOL Medical, LLC | 1 | $18 |
| Laborie Medical Technologies Corp. | 1 | $18 |
| Mauna Kea Technologies, Inc. | 3 | $17 |
| Ferring Pharmaceuticals Inc. | 1 | $16 |
| Phathom Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | 1 | $16 |
| Dynavax Technologies Corporation | 1 | $16 |
| Celltrion USA Inc. | 1 | $16 |
| UCB, Inc. | 1 | $13 |
| AstraZeneca | 1 | $13 |
What the payments were tied to
Products named in the reported payments. Only payments of $100 or more are attributed here — the typical reported payment nationally is a meal worth about $16, and listing those product-by-product would be noise.
How this compares
$8,596 in reported general payments places this provider in the 75th percentile of 336 gastroenterology providers in Tennessee.
Medicare billing
What this is not: this is the amount Original Medicare Part B allowed for services this provider billed in 2024. It is not their income. It excludes Medicare Advantage — now more than half of all Medicare enrollment — along with Medicaid and all commercial insurance, and it is gross practice revenue before staff, rent, supplies and malpractice premiums. CMS also suppresses any figure covering ten or fewer patients, so low-volume providers appear smaller than they are.
Most prescribed under Part D
| Drug | Claims | Cost to plans & patients |
|---|---|---|
| StelaraUstekinumab | 33 | $892,077 |
| LinzessLinaclotide | 211 | $123,807 |
| Humira(Cf) PenAdalimumab | 13 | $101,543 |
| XifaxanRifaximin | 18 | $51,391 |
| VoqueznaVonoprazan Fumarate | 13 | $8,217 |
| MovantikNaloxegol Oxalate | 13 | $5,960 |
| Budesonide DrBudesonide | 29 | $5,615 |
| DexilantDexlansoprazole | 11 | $3,875 |
| Lubiprostone | 31 | $3,375 |
| Pantoprazole Sodium | 297 | $2,953 |
| Esomeprazole Magnesium | 111 | $2,630 |
| Colesevelam Hcl | 25 | $2,509 |
| Balsalazide Disodium | 11 | $2,298 |
| Ursodiol | 17 | $2,202 |
| LoperamideLoperamide Hcl | 41 | $1,761 |
Paid to pharmacies, not to this prescriber.
Companies that both paid and supply prescribed drugs
These companies both reported payments to this provider and make drugs the provider prescribed under Medicare Part D in 2024. For most specialties this overlap is expected — a cardiologist who is paid by a cardiology drugmaker also treats heart disease. It is shown so the reader can see it, not because it implies anything on its own.
| Company | Paid to this provider | Part D cost of their drugs |
|---|---|---|
| Johnson & JohnsonStelara | $964 | $892,07733 claims |
| AbbVieLinzess | $341 | $123,807211 claims |
| Salix Pharmaceuticals, A Division Of Bausch Health US, LLCXifaxan | $565 | $51,39118 claims |
| Phathom Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Voquezna | $16 | $8,21713 claims |
| Redhill Biopharma Inc.Movantik | $186 | $5,96013 claims |
| Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc.Dexilant | $149 | $3,87511 claims |
Reading this fairly. The Part D column is what drug plans and patients paid pharmacies — this provider received none of it, and it reflects how many patients they treat and what those drugs cost. Against peers, this provider's reported payments sit in the 75th percentile of 336 gastroenterology providers in Tennessee.
Other gastroenterology in Union City
- David SchwartzNashville$1.3M
- Ziad YounesGermantown$1M
- Dawn Borromeo BeaulieuNashville$421K
- Satheesh NairMemphis$349K
- Colin HowdenMemphis$291K
- Sara HorstNashville$246K
- Raj NarayaniKnoxville$204K
- Chakradhar ReddyJohnson City$161K
- Leonard BaidooMemphis$152K
- William LylesMaryville$151K
Where these figures come from
- Payments: CMS Open Payments, program years 2019–2025 (publication P06302026_06032026).
- Billing: Medicare Physician & Other Practitioners, data year 2024. Original Medicare Part B only.
- Identity: NPPES NPI Registry, July 2026.