The medical specialties pharma spends the most on
Total reported payments by specialty, with the share of providers in each specialty who received anything at all.
How to read this list. Specialty is taken from the provider's own registration, and a provider practising outside their registered specialty is counted where they registered. Per-provider averages are far more meaningful than the totals, because specialty sizes differ by orders of magnitude.
Ranked
| 1 | Orthopaedic Surgery20,733 providers | $2,543,859,781 |
| 2 | Neurological Surgery7,374 providers | $665,157,636 |
| 3 | Neurology19,151 providers | $657,268,445 |
| 4 | Orthopaedic Surgery of the Spine2,108 providers | $548,212,835 |
| 5 | Cardiovascular Disease22,914 providers | $529,584,230 |
| 6 | Psychiatry36,282 providers | $525,113,442 |
| 7 | Internal Medicine118,002 providers | $524,396,591 |
| 8 | Dermatology14,574 providers | $499,151,834 |
| 9 | Adult Reconstructive Orthopaedic Surgery1,265 providers | $431,912,100 |
| 10 | Hematology & Oncology12,158 providers | $420,423,449 |
| 11 | Surgery26,746 providers | $366,233,619 |
| 12 | Gastroenterology18,696 providers | $363,485,931 |
| 13 | Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology3,425 providers | $345,041,070 |
| 14 | Ophthalmology19,563 providers | $334,191,847 |
| 15 | Sports Medicine6,291 providers | $316,515,785 |
| 16 | Family Medicine102,600 providers | $300,201,229 |
| 17 | Interventional Cardiology6,996 providers | $281,717,233 |
| 18 | Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism8,549 providers | $270,198,599 |
| 19 | Rheumatology7,002 providers | $270,142,503 |
| 20 | Family157,924 providers | $269,311,938 |
| 21 | Urology12,857 providers | $262,506,803 |
| 22 | Medical Oncology5,021 providers | $261,467,347 |
| 23 | Pulmonary Disease13,880 providers | $260,335,609 |
| 24 | Foot & Ankle Surgery9,749 providers | $244,215,860 |
| 25 | General Practice98,270 providers | $240,963,684 |
| 26 | Physician Assistant126,633 providers | $223,655,447 |
| 27 | Thoracic Surgery (Cardiothoracic Vascular Surgery)5,394 providers | $213,882,539 |
| 28 | Unspecified154,168 providers | $206,269,216 |
| 29 | Nephrology12,193 providers | $191,516,598 |
| 30 | Diagnostic Radiology34,366 providers | $186,887,435 |
| 31 | Endodontics4,657 providers | $174,774,430 |
| 32 | Optometrist51,595 providers | $163,729,044 |
| 33 | Vascular & Interventional Radiology4,243 providers | $154,891,125 |
| 34 | Plastic Surgery4,963 providers | $152,857,144 |
| 35 | Obstetrics & Gynecology38,798 providers | $149,440,991 |
| 36 | Plastic Surgery within the Head & Neck695 providers | $142,444,801 |
| 37 | Allergy & Immunology3,828 providers | $138,286,287 |
| 38 | Nurse Practitioner101,092 providers | $136,877,536 |
| 39 | Vascular Surgery5,036 providers | $136,089,249 |
| 40 | Dentist64,963 providers | $119,914,302 |
| 41 | Infectious Disease8,858 providers | $115,845,702 |
| 42 | Psychiatric/Mental Health36,755 providers | $104,078,079 |
| 43 | Anesthesiology47,484 providers | $94,646,715 |
| 44 | Pain Medicine6,736 providers | $92,299,981 |
| 45 | Pediatrics54,231 providers | $91,421,543 |
| 46 | Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics10,978 providers | $90,294,856 |
| 47 | Otolaryngology9,902 providers | $80,261,346 |
| 48 | Medical24,987 providers | $76,901,268 |
| 49 | Podiatrist7,435 providers | $76,718,311 |
| 50 | Emergency Medicine55,849 providers | $74,306,235 |
| 51 | Orthopaedic Trauma839 providers | $71,812,968 |
| 52 | Hand Surgery2,594 providers | $71,171,949 |
| 53 | Hematology1,466 providers | $70,235,611 |
| 54 | Advanced Heart Failure and Transplant Cardiology1,139 providers | $60,480,207 |
| 55 | Anatomic Pathology & Clinical Pathology7,658 providers | $57,988,127 |
| 56 | Interventional Pain Medicine2,377 providers | $57,824,848 |
| 57 | Pediatric Hematology-Oncology2,650 providers | $56,282,030 |
| 58 | Retina Specialist1,502 providers | $55,647,256 |
| 59 | Adult Health20,444 providers | $53,796,069 |
| 60 | Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery2,955 providers | $51,413,925 |
| 61 | Orthopedic Surgery784 providers | $49,318,032 |
| 62 | Critical Care Medicine6,814 providers | $49,034,781 |
| 63 | Neuroradiology891 providers | $47,976,937 |
| 64 | Gynecologic Oncology1,659 providers | $46,359,275 |
| 65 | Neurology with Special Qualifications in Child Neurology2,025 providers | $46,096,520 |
| 66 | Radiation Oncology6,040 providers | $44,997,809 |
| 67 | Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery7,917 providers | $39,575,084 |
| 68 | Colon & Rectal Surgery2,085 providers | $38,567,716 |
| 69 | Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation9,531 providers | $32,030,699 |
| 70 | Acute Care17,928 providers | $30,049,850 |
| 71 | Gynecology2,525 providers | $29,277,419 |
| 72 | Sleep Medicine1,812 providers | $28,645,031 |
| 73 | Surgical Oncology1,717 providers | $28,572,533 |
| 74 | Allergy787 providers | $28,233,752 |
| 75 | Prosthodontics2,803 providers | $27,220,586 |
| 76 | Periodontics5,080 providers | $26,373,918 |
| 77 | Anatomic Pathology1,171 providers | $23,529,760 |
| 78 | Surgical12,050 providers | $23,081,460 |
| 79 | MOHS-Micrographic Surgery1,328 providers | $22,474,195 |
| 80 | Pediatric Endocrinology1,591 providers | $22,284,475 |
| 81 | Procedural Dermatology542 providers | $22,121,328 |
| 82 | Body Imaging359 providers | $21,695,946 |
| 83 | Pediatric Cardiology2,339 providers | $20,779,290 |
| 84 | Clinical Genetics (M.D.)647 providers | $20,014,239 |
| 85 | Hospitalist23,654 providers | $19,866,327 |
| 86 | Surgery of the Hand699 providers | $19,489,634 |
| 87 | Urogynecology and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery1,158 providers | $19,028,611 |
| 88 | Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgery739 providers | $18,506,342 |
| 89 | Hepatology261 providers | $17,417,831 |
| 90 | Pediatric Infectious Diseases799 providers | $17,262,093 |
| 91 | Child & Adolescent Psychiatry3,683 providers | $16,018,181 |
| 92 | Surgical Critical Care1,638 providers | $14,972,119 |
| 93 | Pediatric Dermatology221 providers | $14,714,412 |
| 94 | Nurse Anesthetist, Certified Registered44,081 providers | $13,675,626 |
| 95 | Pediatric Gastroenterology1,924 providers | $13,284,578 |
| 96 | Transplant Surgery794 providers | $13,259,225 |
| 97 | Geriatric Medicine4,193 providers | $13,157,169 |
| 98 | Pediatric Surgery1,022 providers | $12,879,785 |
| 99 | Gerontology6,522 providers | $12,691,830 |
| 100 | Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery413 providers | $12,607,136 |
| 101 | Glaucoma Specialist435 providers | $12,542,024 |
| 102 | Blood Banking & Transfusion Medicine254 providers | $12,304,619 |
| 103 | Pediatric Allergy/Immunology460 providers | $12,144,578 |
| 104 | Primary Care7,047 providers | $12,143,661 |
| 105 | Vascular Neurology695 providers | $12,068,554 |
| 106 | Neuromuscular Medicine321 providers | $11,384,902 |
| 107 | Clinical Neurophysiology400 providers | $10,985,631 |
| 108 | Reproductive Endocrinology1,527 providers | $10,706,745 |
| 109 | Transplant Hepatology238 providers | $10,578,850 |
| 110 | Clinical Pathology/Laboratory Medicine584 providers | $10,560,378 |
| 111 | Epilepsy460 providers | $10,234,813 |
| 112 | Addiction Medicine1,610 providers | $9,844,677 |
| 113 | Foot Surgery1,238 providers | $9,593,492 |
| 114 | Clinical Pathology222 providers | $9,584,157 |
| 115 | Trauma Surgery1,164 providers | $9,583,162 |
| 116 | Corneal and Contact Management1,003 providers | $9,108,923 |
| 117 | Facial Plastic Surgery585 providers | $8,798,723 |
| 118 | Nuclear Cardiology140 providers | $8,383,393 |
| 119 | Neurodevelopmental Disabilities152 providers | $8,345,036 |
| 120 | Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine3,285 providers | $8,276,110 |
| 121 | Women's Health5,960 providers | $7,754,233 |
| 122 | Public Health & General Preventive Medicine556 providers | $7,468,199 |
| 123 | Pediatric Dentistry6,958 providers | $7,237,676 |
| 124 | Allergy/ Immunology206 providers | $6,904,227 |
| 125 | Pediatric Pulmonology1,139 providers | $6,474,999 |
| 126 | Cardiology1,137 providers | $6,473,219 |
| 127 | Hematology-Oncology365 providers | $6,461,588 |
| 128 | Adult Medicine1,317 providers | $6,254,112 |
| 129 | Maternal & Fetal Medicine2,004 providers | $6,233,209 |
| 130 | Pediatric Nephrology733 providers | $6,197,251 |
| 131 | Otolaryngology/Facial Plastic Surgery712 providers | $5,658,016 |
| 132 | Nuclear Medicine533 providers | $5,599,285 |
| 133 | Clinical & Laboratory Dermatological Immunology47 providers | $5,598,672 |
| 134 | Cornea and External Diseases Specialist338 providers | $5,506,553 |
| 135 | Primary Podiatric Medicine668 providers | $5,497,310 |
| 136 | General Surgery1,431 providers | $5,414,713 |
| 137 | Undersea and Hyperbaric Medicine343 providers | $5,003,982 |
| 138 | Obesity Medicine287 providers | $4,699,666 |
| 139 | Endocrinology557 providers | $4,690,182 |
| 140 | Dermatopathology611 providers | $4,521,317 |
| 141 | Otology & Neurotology371 providers | $4,489,744 |
| 142 | Nuclear Radiology218 providers | $3,899,174 |
| 143 | Chiropractor6,862 providers | $3,885,150 |
| 144 | Adolescent Medicine1,959 providers | $3,843,514 |
| 145 | Obstetrics1,063 providers | $3,613,220 |
| 146 | Advanced Practice Midwife6,941 providers | $3,592,470 |
| 147 | Occupational Medicine753 providers | $3,578,779 |
| 148 | Pediatric Critical Care Medicine1,409 providers | $3,553,840 |
| 149 | Neuro-ophthalmology152 providers | $3,469,487 |
| 150 | Uveitis and Ocular Inflammatory Disease48 providers | $3,428,715 |
| 151 | Hospice and Palliative Medicine1,740 providers | $3,239,437 |
| 152 | Pediatric Urology425 providers | $3,103,808 |
| 153 | Registered Nurse3,429 providers | $2,886,552 |
| 154 | Pediatric Rheumatology395 providers | $2,863,758 |
| 155 | Geriatric Psychiatry455 providers | $2,842,330 |
| 156 | Neurosurgery220 providers | $2,840,435 |
| 157 | Hypertension Specialist19 providers | $2,687,466 |
| 158 | Neuromusculoskeletal Medicine & OMM527 providers | $2,253,452 |
| 159 | Clinical & Laboratory Immunology68 providers | $2,178,995 |
| 160 | Pediatric Emergency Medicine1,065 providers | $2,167,171 |
| 161 | Otolaryngic Allergy100 providers | $2,131,453 |
| 162 | Psychiatric/Mental Health, Adult602 providers | $2,114,540 |
| 163 | Addiction Psychiatry372 providers | $2,087,367 |
| 164 | Behavioral Neurology & Neuropsychiatry129 providers | $1,968,211 |
| 165 | Pediatric Otolaryngology616 providers | $1,950,503 |
| 166 | Neurocritical Care476 providers | $1,793,567 |
| 167 | Pediatric Anesthesiology1,038 providers | $1,789,380 |
| 168 | Oncology216 providers | $1,770,067 |
| 169 | Emergency Medical Services1,328 providers | $1,747,800 |
| 170 | Pediatric Transplant Hepatology46 providers | $1,681,948 |
| 171 | Clinical Nurse Specialist807 providers | $1,614,452 |
| 172 | Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology84 providers | $1,591,784 |
| 173 | Independent Medical Examiner64 providers | $1,589,213 |
| 174 | Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine225 providers | $1,520,711 |
| 175 | Developmental - Behavioral Pediatrics421 providers | $1,510,839 |
| 176 | Clinical Molecular Genetics34 providers | $1,495,490 |
| 177 | Pediatric Radiology444 providers | $1,271,411 |
| 178 | Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology337 providers | $1,266,548 |
| 179 | Gynecological Oncology35 providers | $1,263,419 |
| 180 | Neuropathology89 providers | $1,117,454 |
| 181 | Preventive Medicine/Occupational Environmental Medicine292 providers | $1,112,259 |
| 182 | Brain Injury Medicine75 providers | $1,109,405 |
| 183 | Clinical Pharmacology36 providers | $1,072,964 |
| 184 | Neuromusculoskeletal Medicine, Sports Medicine160 providers | $1,026,540 |
| 185 | Diagnostic Neuroimaging79 providers | $1,018,689 |
| 186 | Psychosomatic Medicine164 providers | $978,637 |
| 187 | Phlebology117 providers | $844,175 |
| 188 | Neuroscience52 providers | $786,813 |
| 189 | Therapeutic Radiology155 providers | $783,245 |
| 190 | Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus Specialist250 providers | $767,885 |
| 191 | Molecular Genetic Pathology90 providers | $760,469 |
| 192 | Dental Public Health521 providers | $722,767 |
| 193 | Psychiatric/Mental Health, Child & Adolescent148 providers | $692,120 |
| 194 | Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)6 providers | $672,400 |
| 195 | Family Practice17,991 providers | $662,807 |
| 196 | Dental Anesthesiology177 providers | $651,533 |
| 197 | Family Health273 providers | $630,777 |
| 198 | Micrographic Dermatologic Surgery42 providers | $606,818 |
| 199 | Adult Congenital Heart Disease114 providers | $587,395 |
| 200 | Vision Therapy253 providers | $570,227 |
| 201 | Cytopathology215 providers | $558,559 |
| 202 | Cardiac Surgery26 providers | $555,513 |
| 203 | Anesthesiologist Assistant2,499 providers | $545,415 |
| 204 | Pathology4,876 providers | $542,633 |
| 205 | Low Vision Rehabilitation171 providers | $487,557 |
| 206 | Medical Toxicology107 providers | $482,844 |
| 207 | Clinical Biochemical Genetics50 providers | $469,427 |
| 208 | Pain Management155 providers | $457,657 |
| 209 | Orofacial Pain114 providers | $455,050 |
| 210 | Complex Family Planning41 providers | $446,670 |
| 211 | Community Health294 providers | $446,328 |
| 212 | Forensic Psychiatry230 providers | $431,071 |
| 213 | Integrative Medicine48 providers | $417,581 |
| 214 | Neonatal1,483 providers | $370,239 |
| 215 | Spinal Cord Injury Medicine124 providers | $365,286 |
| 216 | Nuclear Imaging & Therapy82 providers | $335,011 |
| 217 | Thoracic Surgery54 providers | $259,748 |
| 218 | Optometry1,558 providers | $211,561 |
| 219 | Pediatric Pathology72 providers | $208,583 |
| 220 | Medical-Surgical205 providers | $200,908 |
| 221 | Colorectal Surgery (Proctology)56 providers | $198,194 |
| 222 | Pediatrics, Critical Care436 providers | $185,275 |
| 223 | Medical Biochemical Genetics16 providers | $170,213 |
| 224 | Orthopedic79 providers | $169,869 |
| 225 | Women's Health Care, Ambulatory71 providers | $155,508 |
| 226 | Interventional Radiology146 providers | $147,089 |
| 227 | Medical Microbiology29 providers | $142,913 |
| 228 | Licensed Practical Nurse482 providers | $138,712 |
| 229 | Diagnostic Ultrasound92 providers | $135,494 |
| 230 | Interventional Pain Management72 providers | $129,301 |
| 231 | Podiatry1,546 providers | $128,726 |
| 232 | Neonatal, Critical Care739 providers | $125,479 |
| 233 | Electrodiagnostic Medicine10 providers | $125,008 |
| 234 | Occupational Health170 providers | $109,519 |
| 235 | Dental Hygienist251 providers | $104,190 |
| 236 | Psychologist, Clinical11,973 providers | $104,046 |
| 237 | Infection Control6 providers | $103,874 |
| 238 | Emergency120 providers | $84,267 |
| 239 | Critical Care (Intensivists)881 providers | $80,586 |
| 240 | Diabetes Educator169 providers | $79,634 |
| 241 | Aerospace Medicine133 providers | $78,096 |
| 242 | Psychiatric/Mental Health, Child & Family38 providers | $76,869 |
| 243 | Rehabilitation294 providers | $67,615 |
| 244 | Occupational Vision63 providers | $63,845 |
| 245 | School152 providers | $62,946 |
| 246 | Sports Vision26 providers | $61,162 |
| 247 | Wound Care35 providers | $57,874 |
| 248 | Chemical Pathology11 providers | $56,859 |
| 249 | Certified Nurse Midwife257 providers | $49,751 |
| 250 | Home Health94 providers | $49,522 |