Vishal Rao
Advanced Heart Failure and Transplant Cardiology · Charleston, SCNPI 1639563703
Payments from drug & device makers
What this record shows
The money is spread across several categories — travel and lodging (51.4%), food and beverage and consulting fees — rather than concentrated in one kind of arrangement. Cvrx, Inc. accounts for 79.9% of it on its own, with 10 other manufacturers making up the rest. That places this record below the midpoint for advanced heart failure and transplant cardiology clinicians in SC, where the typical reported total is $13,902.
Across 59 payments — averaging $165.86 each. Meals, travel, consulting and speaking fees, gifts and royalties reported by drug and device makers.
- Cvrx, Inc.$8K
- Edwards Lifesciences$724
- Endotronix, Inc.$460
- ZOLL Services LLC (a/k/a ZOLL Lifecor Corp)$272
- Impulse Dynamics (USA) Inc.$166
- Novo Nordisk$128
- plus $215 from 5 others
Across 2 payments — averaging $24,407 each. Payments tied to a research study. These frequently flow through the physician to a hospital or research institution rather than to the physician personally.
- Astrazeneca UK Limited$49K
What the payments were for
- Consulting fees$2002%
- Travel & lodging$5,03151%
- Food & beverage$4,55547%
General payments by program year
Who reported the general payments
Companies are grouped under their corporate parent — a single manufacturer often files under several CMS reporting entities. Research and ownership payments are counted separately and are not in this table.
| Company | Payments | Total |
|---|---|---|
| Cvrx, Inc. | 41 | $7,821 |
| Edwards Lifesciences | 7 | $724 |
| Endotronix, Inc. | 1 | $460 |
| ZOLL Services LLC (a/k/a ZOLL Lifecor Corp) | 3 | $272 |
| Impulse Dynamics (USA) Inc. | 1 | $166 |
| Novo Nordisk | 1 | $128 |
| Boehringer Ingelheim | 1 | $98 |
| Medtronic | 1 | $47 |
| Novartis | 1 | $29 |
| Chiesi USA, Inc. | 1 | $23 |
| Amgen | 1 | $18 |
What the payments were tied to
Products named in the reported payments. Only payments of $100 or more are attributed here — the typical reported payment nationally is a meal worth about $16, and listing those product-by-product would be noise.
How this compares
$9,786 in reported general payments places this provider in the 35th percentile of 30 advanced heart failure and transplant cardiology providers in South Carolina.
See all advanced heart failure and transplant cardiology providers in South Carolina →
Medicare billing
What this is not: this is the amount Original Medicare Part B allowed for services this provider billed in 2024. It is not their income. It excludes Medicare Advantage — now more than half of all Medicare enrollment — along with Medicaid and all commercial insurance, and it is gross practice revenue before staff, rent, supplies and malpractice premiums. CMS also suppresses any figure covering ten or fewer patients, so low-volume providers appear smaller than they are.
Most prescribed under Part D
| Drug | Claims | Cost to plans & patients |
|---|---|---|
| EntrestoSacubitril/Valsartan | 34 | $32,474 |
| JardianceEmpagliflozin | 22 | $20,171 |
| Tacrolimus | 11 | $1,246 |
| Rosuvastatin Calcium | 24 | $310 |
| Metoprolol Succinate | 21 | $235 |
| Labetalol Hcl | 13 | $211 |
| Spironolactone | 35 | $152 |
| Ezetimibe | 16 | $143 |
| Losartan Potassium | 13 | $125 |
| Carvedilol | 24 | $121 |
| Furosemide | 39 | $120 |
| Amiodarone Hcl | 12 | $51 |
Paid to pharmacies, not to this prescriber.
Companies that both paid and supply prescribed drugs
These companies both reported payments to this provider and make drugs the provider prescribed under Medicare Part D in 2024. For most specialties this overlap is expected — a cardiologist who is paid by a cardiology drugmaker also treats heart disease. It is shown so the reader can see it, not because it implies anything on its own.
| Company | Paid to this provider | Part D cost of their drugs |
|---|---|---|
| NovartisEntresto | $29 | $32,47434 claims |
| Boehringer IngelheimJardiance | $98 | $20,17122 claims |
Reading this fairly. The Part D column is what drug plans and patients paid pharmacies — this provider received none of it, and it reflects how many patients they treat and what those drugs cost. Against peers, this provider's reported payments sit in the 35th percentile of 30 advanced heart failure and transplant cardiology providers in South Carolina.
Other advanced heart failure and transplant cardiology in Charleston
- Ryan TedfordCharleston$528K
- Michael ZileCharleston$358K
- Daniel JudgeCharleston$116K
- Ramsey WehbeCharleston$108K
- Sheldon LitwinCharleston$86K
- Brian HoustonCharleston$43K
- Jan GriffinCharleston$23K
- Adrian VanbakelCharleston$21K
- Daniel SilvermanCharleston$11K
- Michele EspositoCharleston$8K
Where these figures come from
- Payments: CMS Open Payments, program years 2019–2025 (publication P06302026_06032026).
- Billing: Medicare Physician & Other Practitioners, data year 2024. Original Medicare Part B only.
- Identity: NPPES NPI Registry, July 2026.