Thomas Kowal, MD
General Practice · Lebanon, TNNPI 1043205008
Payments from drug & device makers
Across 45 payments — averaging $34.69 each. Meals, travel, consulting and speaking fees, gifts and royalties reported by drug and device makers.
- Amgen$218
- AbbVie$207
- AstraZeneca$196
- Boston Scientific$166
- Lilly USA, LLC$162
- Novo Nordisk$125
- plus $487 from 10 others
What the payments were for
- Food & beverage$1,53198%
- Education$302%
Most of this is food and beverage — typically meals provided during product presentations at a clinic or hospital. Nationally that is the single largest category of reported payments by count.
General payments by program year
Who reported the general payments
Companies are grouped under their corporate parent — a single manufacturer often files under several CMS reporting entities. Research and ownership payments are counted separately and are not in this table.
| Company | Payments | Total |
|---|---|---|
| Amgen | 7 | $218 |
| AbbVie(2 entities) | 7 | $207 |
| AstraZeneca | 8 | $196 |
| Boston Scientific | 1 | $166 |
| Lilly USA, LLC | 5 | $162 |
| Novo Nordisk | 5 | $125 |
| Bayer | 1 | $125 |
| Corcept Therapeutics | 1 | $115 |
| Novartis | 2 | $97 |
| Johnson & Johnson | 1 | $56 |
| Sanofi-aventis U.S. LLC | 2 | $24 |
| GSK | 1 | $17 |
| Kowa Pharmaceuticals America, Inc. | 1 | $14 |
| Abbott | 1 | $14 |
| Merck | 1 | $13 |
| Salix Pharmaceuticals, A Division Of Bausch Health US, LLC | 1 | $12 |
What the payments were tied to
Products named in the reported payments. Only payments of $100 or more are attributed here — the typical reported payment nationally is a meal worth about $16, and listing those product-by-product would be noise.
- WATCHMAN Access System$166
- Kerendia$125
- Repatha$125
- Korlym$115
How this compares
$1,561 in reported general payments places this provider in the 85th percentile of 1,632 general practice providers in Tennessee.
Medicare billing
What this is not: this is the amount Original Medicare Part B allowed for services this provider billed in 2024. It is not their income. It excludes Medicare Advantage — now more than half of all Medicare enrollment — along with Medicaid and all commercial insurance, and it is gross practice revenue before staff, rent, supplies and malpractice premiums. CMS also suppresses any figure covering ten or fewer patients, so low-volume providers appear smaller than they are.
Most prescribed under Part D
| Drug | Claims | Cost to plans & patients |
|---|---|---|
| TrulicityDulaglutide | 62 | $69,918 |
| JardianceEmpagliflozin | 76 | $68,187 |
| MounjaroTirzepatide | 47 | $52,560 |
| Toujeo Max SolostarInsulin Glargine,hum.Rec.Anlog | 41 | $50,504 |
| OzempicSemaglutide | 45 | $49,542 |
| EliquisApixaban | 24 | $35,250 |
| FarxigaDapagliflozin Propanediol | 32 | $34,022 |
| Soliqua 100-33Insulin Glargine/Lixisenatide | 22 | $28,633 |
| JanuviaSitagliptin Phosphate | 23 | $28,588 |
| XareltoRivaroxaban | 28 | $26,085 |
| VraylarCariprazine Hcl | 12 | $20,205 |
| Repatha SureclickEvolocumab | 24 | $16,979 |
| Breztri AerosphereBudesonide/Glycopyr/Formoterol | 16 | $16,294 |
| Trelegy ElliptaFluticasone/Umeclidin/Vilanter | 11 | $13,195 |
| SymbicortBudesonide/Formoterol Fumarate | 20 | $8,295 |
Paid to pharmacies, not to this prescriber.
Companies that both paid and supply prescribed drugs
These companies both reported payments to this provider and make drugs the provider prescribed under Medicare Part D in 2024. For most specialties this overlap is expected — a cardiologist who is paid by a cardiology drugmaker also treats heart disease. It is shown so the reader can see it, not because it implies anything on its own.
| Company | Paid to this provider | Part D cost of their drugs |
|---|---|---|
| Lilly USA, LLCTrulicity, Mounjaro | $162 | $122,478109 claims |
| AstraZenecaFarxiga, Breztri Aerosphere, Symbicort | $196 | $58,61168 claims |
| Novo NordiskOzempic | $125 | $49,54245 claims |
| Sanofi-aventis U.S. LLCSoliqua 100-33 | $24 | $28,63322 claims |
| MerckJanuvia | $13 | $28,58823 claims |
| Johnson & JohnsonXarelto | $56 | $26,08528 claims |
| AbbVieVraylar, Synthroid | $207 | $21,95239 claims |
| GSKTrelegy Ellipta | $17 | $13,19511 claims |
Reading this fairly. The Part D column is what drug plans and patients paid pharmacies — this provider received none of it, and it reflects how many patients they treat and what those drugs cost. Against peers, this provider's reported payments sit in the 85th percentile of 1,632 general practice providers in Tennessee.
Other general practice in Lebanon
- Aaron PryorLebanon$19K
- Peter GardnerJackson$1.8M
- Nathan GlennWinchester$874K
- Joseph HolleyKnoxville$326K
- James GoldenringNashville$167K
- Charles HooperChattanooga$158K
- Randall MontgomeryKingsport$92K
- Toluwalashe OnamusiNashville$80K
- Jonathon RogersGreeneville$60K
- Phillip KempBrentwood$50K
Where these figures come from
- Payments: CMS Open Payments, program years 2019–2025 (publication P06302026_06032026).
- Billing: Medicare Physician & Other Practitioners, data year 2024. Original Medicare Part B only.
- Identity: NPPES NPI Registry, July 2026.