Rahn Ravenell, DPM
Foot & Ankle Surgery · Charleston, SCNPI 1639492473
Payments from drug & device makers
What this record shows
This record is dominated by consulting fees: $35,364 of the $51,487 with a category attached, or 68.7%. 33 manufacturers reported payments, led by Geistlich Pharma, North America, Inc. at 53.8% of the total. Reporting peaked in 2021 at $16,456 and has fallen 70.7% since, to $4,818 in 2025.
Across 152 payments — averaging $338.73 each. Meals, travel, consulting and speaking fees, gifts and royalties reported by drug and device makers.
- Geistlich Pharma, North America, Inc.$28K
- Stryker$6K
- Darco International, Inc.$5K
- Integra Lifesciences Corporation$4K
- Kerecis Limited$2K
- Peerless Surgical Inc.$2K
- plus $5K from 27 others
What the payments were for
- Consulting fees$35,36469%
- Speaking & faculty fees$5001%
- Travel & lodging$1,5153%
- Food & beverage$11,97523%
- Education$2,1334%
General payments by program year
Who reported the general payments
Companies are grouped under their corporate parent — a single manufacturer often files under several CMS reporting entities. Research and ownership payments are counted separately and are not in this table.
| Company | Payments | Total |
|---|---|---|
| Geistlich Pharma, North America, Inc. | 6 | $27,712 |
| Stryker(2 entities) | 60 | $6,202 |
| Darco International, Inc. | 2 | $4,983 |
| Integra Lifesciences Corporation | 8 | $3,950 |
| Kerecis Limited | 11 | $2,009 |
| Peerless Surgical Inc. | 6 | $1,721 |
| Treace Medical Concepts, Inc. | 12 | $787 |
| Bioventus LLC | 5 | $728 |
| Bone Support Inc. | 4 | $552 |
| Smith+Nephew | 5 | $425 |
| Musculoskeletal Transplant Foundation Inc. | 4 | $377 |
| Organogenesis Inc. | 5 | $363 |
| Crossroads Extremity Systems, LLC | 3 | $213 |
| Exactech, Inc. | 1 | $205 |
| Medline Industries LP | 1 | $135 |
| Ortho Dermatologics, A Division Of Bausch Health US, LLC | 1 | $133 |
| Kowa Pharmaceuticals America, Inc. | 1 | $121 |
| Biotissue Holdings Inc. | 1 | $115 |
| Ossio Inc | 1 | $112 |
| Innovation Technologies Inc | 1 | $107 |
| Access Pro Medical, LLC | 1 | $101 |
| Medtronic | 1 | $62 |
| Forma Medical | 1 | $60 |
| Celularity Inc. | 1 | $59 |
| Kuros Biosciences USA, Inc | 2 | $41 |
| Polarityte, Inc. | 1 | $39 |
| Orthofix Medical, Inc. | 1 | $38 |
| Paragon 28, Inc. | 1 | $37 |
| Convatec Inc. | 1 | $32 |
| Osteoremedies, LLC | 1 | $20 |
| Advanced Oxygen Therapy Inc. | 1 | $19 |
| Dynasplint Systems Inc. | 1 | $14 |
| Sanara Medtech Inc. | 1 | $14 |
What the payments were tied to
Products named in the reported payments. Only payments of $100 or more are attributed here — the typical reported payment nationally is a meal worth about $16, and listing those product-by-product would be noise.
- DermaGide$15,134
- Derma Gide$11,981
- INTEGRA$6,800
- Kerecis Omega3 Marigen$4,337
- NEURAGEN$3,400
- Kerecis Omega3 SurgiClose$2,742
- Kerecis Omega3 GraftGuide$1,603
- CITREFIX$1,003
- AUGMENT INJECTABLE$943
- PROstep$911
- Stimrouter Implantable Kit$579
- CERAMENTBONE VOID FILLER$552
- CERAMENT G$552
- Lapiplasty System$513
- GEISTLICH DERMA-GIDE$500
- Kerecis SurgiClose$464
- EASYFUSE$409
- ORTHOLOC$314
- PROSTEP MICA$290
- INTEGRA MESHED BILAYER WOUND MATRIX$269
How this compares
$51,487 in reported general payments places this provider in the 85th percentile of 87 foot & ankle surgery providers in South Carolina.
Medicare billing
What this is not: this is the amount Original Medicare Part B allowed for services this provider billed in 2024. It is not their income. It excludes Medicare Advantage — now more than half of all Medicare enrollment — along with Medicaid and all commercial insurance, and it is gross practice revenue before staff, rent, supplies and malpractice premiums. CMS also suppresses any figure covering ten or fewer patients, so low-volume providers appear smaller than they are.
Most prescribed under Part D
| Drug | Claims | Cost to plans & patients |
|---|---|---|
| Ciclopirox | 32 | $844 |
| Ammonium Lactate | 42 | $843 |
| Gabapentin | 88 | $767 |
| Oxycodone-AcetaminophenOxycodone Hcl/Acetaminophen | 61 | $576 |
| Celecoxib | 20 | $530 |
| Terbinafine Hcl | 44 | $405 |
| Mupirocin | 49 | $371 |
| Ondansetron Hcl | 67 | $311 |
| Doxycycline Hyclate | 23 | $288 |
| Pregabalin | 33 | $276 |
| Cephalexin | 47 | $211 |
| Prednisone | 14 | $194 |
| Meloxicam | 30 | $89 |
| Sulfamethoxazole-TrimethoprimSulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim | 14 | $65 |
| Allopurinol | 11 | $60 |
Paid to pharmacies, not to this prescriber.
Other foot & ankle surgery in Charleston
- Christopher GrossCharleston$394K
- Drennan JoseyCharleston$7K
- Sarah CullenCharleston$6K
- Amanda FlammanCharleston$4K
- Brandon BultsmaCharleston$2K
- Edwin BlitchCharleston$2K
- Benjamin OverleyHilton Head Island$643K
- Tyler GonzalezColumbia$525K
- Alison GartenRock Hill$419K
- Robert KleinGreenville$358K
Where these figures come from
- Payments: CMS Open Payments, program years 2019–2025 (publication P06302026_06032026).
- Billing: Medicare Physician & Other Practitioners, data year 2024. Original Medicare Part B only.
- Identity: NPPES NPI Registry, July 2026.