RxDoctor Payments Data

Larry Zhou, MD

Interventional Pain Medicine · Louisville, KYNPI 1467441915

Payments from drug & device makers

What this record shows

This record is dominated by food and beverage: $1,915 of the $2,176 with a category attached, or 88.0%. 15 manufacturers reported payments, led by Medtronic at 35.2% of the total. Reporting peaked in 2019 at $593 and has fallen 95.6% since, to $26 in 2025. That places this record below the midpoint for interventional pain medicine clinicians in KY, where the typical reported total is $3,169.

$2,176in general payments, 2019–2025

Across 81 payments — averaging $26.86 each. Meals, travel, consulting and speaking fees, gifts and royalties reported by drug and device makers.

  • Medtronic$766
  • AbbVie$375
  • SPR Therapeutics, Inc$261
  • Si-bone, Inc.$116
  • Biohaven Pharmaceutical Holding Company Ltd.$102
  • Flowonix Medical Incorporated$94
  • plus $462 from 9 others

What the payments were for

  • Travel & lodging$26112%
  • Food & beverage$1,91588%

Most of this is food and beverage — typically meals provided during product presentations at a clinic or hospital. Nationally that is the single largest category of reported payments by count.

General payments by program year

19
20
21
22
23
25

Who reported the general payments

Companies are grouped under their corporate parent — a single manufacturer often files under several CMS reporting entities. Research and ownership payments are counted separately and are not in this table.

What the payments were tied to

Products named in the reported payments. Only payments of $100 or more are attributed here — the typical reported payment nationally is a meal worth about $16, and listing those product-by-product would be noise.

How this compares

$2,176 in reported general payments places this provider in the 40th percentile of 55 interventional pain medicine providers in Kentucky.

See all interventional pain medicine providers in Kentucky

Medicare billing

Part B allowed, 2024
$465,335
Medicare patients
296
Services billed
3,904

What this is not: this is the amount Original Medicare Part B allowed for services this provider billed in 2024. It is not their income. It excludes Medicare Advantage — now more than half of all Medicare enrollment — along with Medicaid and all commercial insurance, and it is gross practice revenue before staff, rent, supplies and malpractice premiums. CMS also suppresses any figure covering ten or fewer patients, so low-volume providers appear smaller than they are.

Most prescribed under Part D

DrugClaimsCost to plans & patients
Oxycodone-AcetaminophenOxycodone Hcl/Acetaminophen1,479$40,696
Hydrocodone-AcetaminophenHydrocodone/Acetaminophen1,662$31,925
Gabapentin944$10,102
Oxycodone Hcl292$9,596
MovantikNaloxegol Oxalate15$9,235
Pregabalin227$6,124
Naloxone Hcl103$5,355
Fentanyl18$3,150
Lidocaine21$2,521
Tramadol Hcl265$2,037
Duloxetine Hcl118$1,451
Methadone Hcl57$1,370
Tizanidine Hcl167$1,316
Diclofenac Sodium90$1,298
Morphine Sulfate ErMorphine Sulfate34$950

Paid to pharmacies, not to this prescriber.

Other interventional pain medicine in Louisville

See the full list for Kentucky

Where these figures come from

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