Kristen Spencer
Physician Assistant · Louisville, KYNPI 1255721700
Payments from drug & device makers
What this record shows
Almost everything reported here is food and beverage — 98.8% of the total across 409 separate payments, which is the pattern of a clinician who attends manufacturer presentations rather than one with a consulting arrangement. 23 manufacturers reported payments, led by Johnson & Johnson at 24.3% of the total. 2025 is the largest year on record at $2,600, 3.8 times the $678 reported in 2021. Among physician assistant clinicians in KY with any reported payments, this total sits in the top 5% — high for the specialty, which is a reason to read the composition above rather than the number alone.
Across 409 payments — averaging $19.06 each. Meals, travel, consulting and speaking fees, gifts and royalties reported by drug and device makers.
- Johnson & Johnson$2K
- AbbVie$2K
- Sanofi$905
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc.$639
- Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC$404
- Salix Pharmaceuticals, A Division Of Bausch Health US, LLC$403
- plus $2K from 17 others
What the payments were for
- Food & beverage$7,70699%
- Education$901%
Most of this is food and beverage — typically meals provided during product presentations at a clinic or hospital. Nationally that is the single largest category of reported payments by count.
General payments by program year
Who reported the general payments
Companies are grouped under their corporate parent — a single manufacturer often files under several CMS reporting entities. Research and ownership payments are counted separately and are not in this table.
| Company | Payments | Total |
|---|---|---|
| Johnson & Johnson | 118 | $1,897 |
| AbbVie | 116 | $1,622 |
| Sanofi | 32 | $905 |
| Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc. | 28 | $639 |
| Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC | 4 | $404 |
| Salix Pharmaceuticals, A Division Of Bausch Health US, LLC | 20 | $403 |
| Pfizer | 19 | $374 |
| Aimmune Therapeutics, Inc. | 13 | $281 |
| Regeneron Healthcare Solutions, Inc. | 10 | $250 |
| Ipsen Biopharmaceuticals, Inc | 12 | $217 |
| Lilly USA, LLC | 8 | $188 |
| Bristol Myers Squibb | 3 | $153 |
| Madrigal Pharmaceuticals | 6 | $125 |
| Ardelyx, Inc. | 5 | $93 |
| Phathom Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | 5 | $56 |
| QOL Medical, LLC | 2 | $45 |
| Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, Inc | 2 | $31 |
| Medtronic | 1 | $24 |
| Daiichi Sankyo Inc. | 1 | $22 |
| Sandoz | 1 | $20 |
| Sanofi-aventis U.S. LLC | 1 | $17 |
| Pharmacosmos Therapeutics Inc. | 1 | $16 |
| Novo Nordisk | 1 | $14 |
What the payments were tied to
Products named in the reported payments. Only payments of $100 or more are attributed here — the typical reported payment nationally is a meal worth about $16, and listing those product-by-product would be noise.
How this compares
$7,796 in reported general payments places this provider in the 95th percentile of 1,448 physician assistant providers in Kentucky.
Medicare billing
What this is not: this is the amount Original Medicare Part B allowed for services this provider billed in 2024. It is not their income. It excludes Medicare Advantage — now more than half of all Medicare enrollment — along with Medicaid and all commercial insurance, and it is gross practice revenue before staff, rent, supplies and malpractice premiums. CMS also suppresses any figure covering ten or fewer patients, so low-volume providers appear smaller than they are.
Most prescribed under Part D
| Drug | Claims | Cost to plans & patients |
|---|---|---|
| TrulancePlecanatide | 16 | $14,027 |
| LinzessLinaclotide | 16 | $13,363 |
| MotegrityPrucalopride Succinate | 11 | $9,112 |
| Sucralfate | 22 | $5,050 |
| Budesonide DrBudesonide | 12 | $2,823 |
| Lansoprazole | 67 | $2,095 |
| Colestipol Hcl | 16 | $1,794 |
| Famotidine | 47 | $693 |
| Esomeprazole Magnesium | 29 | $670 |
| Pantoprazole Sodium | 47 | $568 |
| Omeprazole | 30 | $474 |
| Dicyclomine Hcl | 12 | $214 |
| Ondansetron OdtOndansetron | 14 | $156 |
Paid to pharmacies, not to this prescriber.
Companies that both paid and supply prescribed drugs
These companies both reported payments to this provider and make drugs the provider prescribed under Medicare Part D in 2024. For most specialties this overlap is expected — a cardiologist who is paid by a cardiology drugmaker also treats heart disease. It is shown so the reader can see it, not because it implies anything on its own.
| Company | Paid to this provider | Part D cost of their drugs |
|---|---|---|
| Salix Pharmaceuticals, A Division Of Bausch Health US, LLCTrulance | $403 | $14,02716 claims |
| AbbVieLinzess | $1,622 | $13,36316 claims |
| Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc.Motegrity | $639 | $9,11211 claims |
| SandozLansoprazole | $20 | $2,09567 claims |
Reading this fairly. The Part D column is what drug plans and patients paid pharmacies — this provider received none of it, and it reflects how many patients they treat and what those drugs cost. Against peers, this provider's reported payments sit in the 95th percentile of 1,448 physician assistant providers in Kentucky.
Other physician assistant in Louisville
- Melissa DavisLouisville$362K
- Kara MuddLouisville$98K
- Robert TatumLouisville$29K
- Grace IsaacsLouisville$28K
- Joshua CastlenLouisville$16K
- Erin WaggonerLouisville$14K
- Shelley SchulerLouisville$12K
- Jacquee McNearLouisville$10K
- Kylee DreisbachLouisville$9K
- Emily LutzLouisville$9K
Where these figures come from
- Payments: CMS Open Payments, program years 2019–2025 (publication P06302026_06032026).
- Billing: Medicare Physician & Other Practitioners, data year 2024. Original Medicare Part B only.
- Identity: NPPES NPI Registry, July 2026.