Joshua Choo, MD
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery · Louisville, KYNPI 1548590631
Payments from drug & device makers
What this record shows
Almost everything reported here is food and beverage — 100.0% of the total across 67 separate payments, which is the pattern of a clinician who attends manufacturer presentations rather than one with a consulting arrangement. 16 manufacturers reported payments, led by Smith+Nephew at 25.5% of the total. Reporting peaked in 2023 at $749 and has fallen 61.5% since, to $288 in 2025.
Across 67 payments — averaging $34.02 each. Meals, travel, consulting and speaking fees, gifts and royalties reported by drug and device makers.
- Smith+Nephew$581
- RTI Surgical, Inc$565
- AbbVie$306
- Integra Lifesciences Corporation$291
- Checkpoint Surgical, Inc$124
- Biotissue Holdings Inc.$107
- plus $306 from 10 others
What the payments were for
- Food & beverage$2,279100%
Most of this is food and beverage — typically meals provided during product presentations at a clinic or hospital. Nationally that is the single largest category of reported payments by count.
General payments by program year
Who reported the general payments
Companies are grouped under their corporate parent — a single manufacturer often files under several CMS reporting entities. Research and ownership payments are counted separately and are not in this table.
| Company | Payments | Total |
|---|---|---|
| Smith+Nephew | 36 | $581 |
| RTI Surgical, Inc | 7 | $565 |
| AbbVie | 4 | $306 |
| Integra Lifesciences Corporation | 7 | $291 |
| Checkpoint Surgical, Inc | 1 | $124 |
| Biotissue Holdings Inc. | 1 | $107 |
| Innovation Technologies Inc | 1 | $76 |
| Avita Medical Americas, LLC | 2 | $62 |
| Stryker | 1 | $46 |
| Kls-martin L.p. | 1 | $44 |
| Cerus Corporation | 1 | $16 |
| Polarityte, Inc. | 1 | $16 |
| Zimmer Biomet | 1 | $14 |
| Acell, Inc. | 1 | $14 |
| TEI Medical Inc. | 1 | $11 |
| Organogenesis Inc. | 1 | $8 |
What the payments were tied to
Products named in the reported payments. Only payments of $100 or more are attributed here — the typical reported payment nationally is a meal worth about $16, and listing those product-by-product would be noise.
How this compares
$2,279 in reported general payments places this provider in the 55th percentile of 43 plastic and reconstructive surgery providers in Kentucky.
See all plastic and reconstructive surgery providers in Kentucky →
Medicare billing
What this is not: this is the amount Original Medicare Part B allowed for services this provider billed in 2024. It is not their income. It excludes Medicare Advantage — now more than half of all Medicare enrollment — along with Medicaid and all commercial insurance, and it is gross practice revenue before staff, rent, supplies and malpractice premiums. CMS also suppresses any figure covering ten or fewer patients, so low-volume providers appear smaller than they are.
Other plastic and reconstructive surgery in Louisville
- Brian ThorntonLouisville$1.1M
- Mark CharikerLouisville$48K
- Tathyana FenstererLouisville$19K
- Joseph BanisLouisville$15K
- Angela PrescottLouisville$7K
- Terry McCurryLouisville$6K
- Thomas OdanielLouisville$5K
- Bradon WilhelmiLouisville$5K
- Joshua SpiegelLouisville$4K
- Dexter WeeksLouisville$3K
Where these figures come from
- Payments: CMS Open Payments, program years 2019–2025 (publication P06302026_06032026).
- Billing: Medicare Physician & Other Practitioners, data year 2024. Original Medicare Part B only.
- Identity: NPPES NPI Registry, July 2026.