John Ledoux, MD
Interventional Cardiology · Mobile, ALNPI 1912043795
Payments from drug & device makers
What this record shows
Almost everything reported here is food and beverage — 92.5% of the total across 122 separate payments, which is the pattern of a clinician who attends manufacturer presentations rather than one with a consulting arrangement. It is spread thinly across 22 manufacturers, the largest accounting for just 16.3% — the pattern of someone who eats at a lot of different presentations. That places this record below the midpoint for interventional cardiology clinicians in AL, where the typical reported total is $6,630.
Across 122 payments — averaging $23.01 each. Meals, travel, consulting and speaking fees, gifts and royalties reported by drug and device makers.
- Novartis$458
- Abbott$425
- Penumbra, Inc.$361
- Medtronic$345
- Atricure, Inc.$181
- Esperion Therapeutics, Inc.$146
- plus $893 from 16 others
Across 214 payments — averaging $10,915 each. Payments tied to a research study. These frequently flow through the physician to a hospital or research institution rather than to the physician personally.
- Novartis$1.3M
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC$695K
- Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH$184K
- Amgen$76K
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co.kg$70K
- Astrazeneca UK Limited$56K
- plus $1K from 1 others
What the payments were for
- Travel & lodging$1987%
- Food & beverage$2,59793%
- Education$120%
Most of this is food and beverage — typically meals provided during product presentations at a clinic or hospital. Nationally that is the single largest category of reported payments by count.
General payments by program year
Who reported the general payments
Companies are grouped under their corporate parent — a single manufacturer often files under several CMS reporting entities. Research and ownership payments are counted separately and are not in this table.
| Company | Payments | Total |
|---|---|---|
| Novartis | 37 | $458 |
| Abbott | 8 | $425 |
| Penumbra, Inc. | 10 | $361 |
| Medtronic | 22 | $345 |
| Atricure, Inc. | 5 | $181 |
| Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. | 2 | $146 |
| Boston Scientific | 1 | $140 |
| Cardiovascular Systems Inc. | 7 | $140 |
| Boehringer Ingelheim | 5 | $89 |
| Johnson & Johnson | 6 | $86 |
| Merck | 5 | $82 |
| Abiomed | 2 | $69 |
| ZOLL Services LLC (a/k/a ZOLL Lifecor Corp) | 1 | $60 |
| Baxter Healthcare | 1 | $44 |
| Philips North America LLC | 1 | $37 |
| Amgen | 2 | $31 |
| E.r. Squibb & Sons, L.L.C. | 2 | $29 |
| Actelion Pharmaceuticals US, Inc. | 1 | $28 |
| Argon Medical Devices, Inc. | 1 | $18 |
| Amarin Pharma, Inc. | 1 | $16 |
| Lantheus Medical Imaging, Inc. | 1 | $13 |
| Chiesi USA, Inc. | 1 | $12 |
What the payments were tied to
Products named in the reported payments. Only payments of $100 or more are attributed here — the typical reported payment nationally is a meal worth about $16, and listing those product-by-product would be noise.
- Indigo System$198
- Confirm Rx$165
- ELUVIA$140
- NEXLIZET$125
- NEXLETOL$125
- Quadra Assura CRT Defibrillator$114
How this compares
$2,808 in reported general payments places this provider in the 25th percentile of 109 interventional cardiology providers in Alabama.
Medicare billing
What this is not: this is the amount Original Medicare Part B allowed for services this provider billed in 2024. It is not their income. It excludes Medicare Advantage — now more than half of all Medicare enrollment — along with Medicaid and all commercial insurance, and it is gross practice revenue before staff, rent, supplies and malpractice premiums. CMS also suppresses any figure covering ten or fewer patients, so low-volume providers appear smaller than they are.
Most prescribed under Part D
| Drug | Claims | Cost to plans & patients |
|---|---|---|
| EliquisApixaban | 428 | $368,851 |
| XareltoRivaroxaban | 259 | $229,816 |
| EntrestoSacubitril/Valsartan | 156 | $144,514 |
| Repatha SureclickEvolocumab | 107 | $85,661 |
| BrilintaTicagrelor | 81 | $53,378 |
| FarxigaDapagliflozin Propanediol | 37 | $38,943 |
| VascepaIcosapent Ethyl | 54 | $32,096 |
| Rosuvastatin Calcium | 2,025 | $27,763 |
| MounjaroTirzepatide | 17 | $21,783 |
| Ezetimibe | 948 | $17,565 |
| Ranolazine ErRanolazine | 194 | $16,112 |
| Icosapent Ethyl | 43 | $15,556 |
| Atorvastatin Calcium | 1,015 | $12,645 |
| JardianceEmpagliflozin | 14 | $10,993 |
| ClopidogrelClopidogrel Bisulfate | 987 | $10,893 |
Paid to pharmacies, not to this prescriber.
Companies that both paid and supply prescribed drugs
These companies both reported payments to this provider and make drugs the provider prescribed under Medicare Part D in 2024. For most specialties this overlap is expected — a cardiologist who is paid by a cardiology drugmaker also treats heart disease. It is shown so the reader can see it, not because it implies anything on its own.
| Company | Paid to this provider | Part D cost of their drugs |
|---|---|---|
| Johnson & JohnsonXarelto | $86 | $229,816259 claims |
| NovartisEntresto | $458 | $144,514156 claims |
| Boehringer IngelheimJardiance | $89 | $10,99314 claims |
| Esperion Therapeutics, Inc.Nexletol | $146 | $8,66313 claims |
Reading this fairly. The Part D column is what drug plans and patients paid pharmacies — this provider received none of it, and it reflects how many patients they treat and what those drugs cost. Against peers, this provider's reported payments sit in the 25th percentile of 109 interventional cardiology providers in Alabama.
Other interventional cardiology in Mobile
- John GallaMobile$82K
- Ahmed SubahiMobile$37K
- Mir HashimiMobile$24K
- Mohammed ElzeneiniMobile$23K
- Benjamin CitrinMobile$11K
- James GladdenMobile$9K
- Stanley ThorntonMobile$7K
- Michael MonsonMobile$7K
- Kevin DeandradeMobile$7K
- Gary RoubinBirmingham$157K
Where these figures come from
- Payments: CMS Open Payments, program years 2019–2025 (publication P06302026_06032026).
- Billing: Medicare Physician & Other Practitioners, data year 2024. Original Medicare Part B only.
- Identity: NPPES NPI Registry, July 2026.